9tjv/WROn1sni9G6KxRhnRI/MNrEQVqqdjx+Hag+8b5GW/T/AGBTEgdf9mxHzTA0GuTwv6gkRYhI IzqoYLTkQOgHj9GKvXvyiiKeWbtOARvrj1G+/wC5iNaZk4uTTk5s1NfoGWsHMT92+KvjLFLRxVH2 Ores of some metals like lead may get partially oxidized and converted to sulphate. mws4LaYR+kswVfVKDopkPxt0HU5kCIDUSS8qH5P+Zx9q4sIwx+GNJJ+KjsBWImnzOY/hFt8QNn8o The Southern African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy 191 A comparative study of vanadium recovery from titaniferous magnetite using salt, sulphate, and soda ash roast-leach processes S. Nkosi, P. Dire, N. Nyambeni, and X.C. 08YPIdt2+j57Y8QXhKoPOHlIEj9N2FVJBrdQgg9O7eIx4h3rwlFadr2g38zW9hqVrdyovqNHbzRy Gangue: The earthly or undesired materials which are contaminated with the ore are ... • Roasting is the process of heating the ore strongly in the presence of excess or This chemistry video explains the important processes involved in extraction of metals i.e. 0 fEbNpfk2t2KvXM89ezdirsVYt531BxHDp0VS01HkA6kA0VfpOb7sXTizkPTYfpdR2pmNCA6p9+W/ AQBIAAAAAQAB/+4ADkFkb2JlAGTAAAAAAf/bAIQABgQEBAUEBgUFBgkGBQYJCwgGBggLDAoKCwoK +YDlNUH098VfGBkjH7QxSuQiRgqfGxIAVdySTTtiqdaIVWT4gRxAZtuimlCfbfCr0DQri3keNEPN 4eXp5/alfmrR3sNNtZSJB9YmdnRraKBI34hSsZjnmqp413Vctwz4if1/satRjMY/Hu/anvlmO4uf mjSoARXi8ih2NNywAUfLegAw5uaMfJl35TT3L+VCk7ckguZUgA48gj8ZaP3qXkLb9iO2WYuTDJzS Lq1kP1G7+wssYNFkBYsnFlNXBPEbq3hmIQYlyAQQtt7PzF5q1tS5+tX94eby8UQBVCx+pIIwAqAI 1 TehrTxxII5q8380/lJpeta5qOtC/vdLOpqF1COW2jlQ0AT4HkFUqB2P9MzsOvMIiNXXJxp6USJN1 oOMcpLOfil+L7I32yRkBYsb+Z/HyQIyNHfbyCIudKvXiEWpw6hF6IE+mJDpdnzlji/buCskbqAXP On passing an electric current through the electrolyte, the metal dissolves in the electrolyte by oxidation of the anode and pure metal is deposited at the cathode. The heater may have to be moved from one end to the other more than once. sulfating roasting involves converting a sulfide to its sulfate, enabling a selective sulfation of fen-ous components during leaching (produced oxidating the metal sulfide to its oxide with the handled during gas cleaning. The roasting conditions for msenic removal each ore or concentrate. kCE8QBSlA0XQbrQeIxynalxje1D8pPLZPqeYbyMtMzPHZyMeRNTSWUgg7gjiCG3q1exwYo9U5D0U dJ8z2C6nZ2iKhsryP6vcqOI9M+oUrsvTkpqDmFl7OxZBcTV/EOXDXTgakP1uvv8AnI7zi6FdL0/T DMPQ- . Ores of metals like silver and gold are mixed with common salt and are heated in air. The types most commonly in use are fluidized-bed, multiple-hearth, flash, chlorinator, rotary kiln, and sintering machine (or blast roaster). HWta19v14qsqKn2I+e/jiru3tir4wxS1iqd6D/eDCoekaJSi5EqzXS/hHSp9sQgp9da9o+kRCfU7 Often before roasting, the ore has already been partially purified, e.g. 1gJ6kEEtlpQtfRjUBgyq7RpSU7NwoRvQZQJEDeuH3ytyCLPW/dFbLZxWEd5frHcPBIkYd2tNJaOh 9utZJmNecsjl5D8ubmn68yYihTQTZRs0Vu6MJIxwNY3Q/ZZZAAajbY1oa5JDwC+0zW/LHmL0IJHt xmp.did:FA7F117407206811994CDB02050818BB 3238 0 obj <> endobj 3316 0 obj <>stream As stated above, for those instances in which a metal-bearing compound is not in a chemical form that permits the metal to be easily and economically removed, it is necessary first to change it into some other compound. 2aQqAU+Bqg9z/k4+ITsvABuz3Sfyx8q6XqFreW0cjT2gqglcOhcVpKykfa3240AIFN8sGMAtZmSx Smelting is the basic process by which one produces workable metal from metal ores. Ks5fian7TGpp8Rp23OYxbAyOwmZXDxM/px7+j6nB1X1KUUrw5sVkI2Fd2NAMiyTS2NtcpHR1t7wh 4mgVKAH5kkCprT7VeoG2VM2S+SdGOp6/bRPwmsleS5uJ+SiRo4BxCuGJPBmdAyjdlb22shGyxkaD 2ue2REx0rz9R+z8BMoSPPi8tglep6vpV1Nc211c3At4pENsBptjDIWRWD+oI3X0/j/YBYbmu43th /wAyvjy4eHb5JXcTyzymWWhchQSqqoooCjZQB0H05YBTVKRJsqeFDsVeuZ569m7FXYqwywonmO65 xmp.iid:F87F117407206811994CDB02050818BB vVRSFdjbT0WppuQhplH8r4+6X4+Lf/Jp7wgptOvoZ2gkiPqoASq7ncVHT2zLxazHPkXGy6OcfND5 xmp.iid:FB7F11740720681197A593E1D9DC263D fF+yMHhFfEDJNI/LDQ7Us+oSNqD/ALOxgUKR0Ijbfr45MYh1YnIWZQQwwwrFFGsUMY4pGg4qAOwU qtdlU03bruDiq1mOwG5pt7jf5Yq3yTb4iNq1J8OuKqgIpXf8aV+kYquBHevz7YqurWlD/n88VWtU b/Ftx7UYZSS2hMNE1jWPL9wl7pc/pMWDSQb+nKFANJowV5rxcgV6VJWh3xjIhBAL1zyl+Zmj6u8d In metallurgy: Roasting. JPEG This method employed to purify silver containing lead as an impurity. bH7q5iN73D8t3r5NsVK8Wj9bmo3/AN2MRQ1P7LDMrF9LRPmyZy9Nh8O+7V6A/M/fljFtZnaMk7MK Public Administration and Good Governance. 0AozJHISFJ7bleh+7J8Bri6MeIXXVPkDKDQ16Dvv4+PjkWSsg2369fffFUj13zlpmh6zomkXcUz3 Zinc, mercury and arsenic are purified by this method. 15AcAnp8eQNB/Nh/K6aq2+aPzGe7o/JRg/NP88Z9UN5BNezSKUDWqWYaECVC8amIR0+NByU9SN64 The solid product, cont Acrobat Distiller 8.3.1 (Macintosh) 1.1.4.1 Smelting: 2011-11-18T08:05:52+02:00 zN44fjytSqxMoPqOsiMSjf8AFY41Ff2hlmHmwycnrZrUAjp37HMhqXO37o/hiqgxJNPx/DFVnUUP xzA8vq8NhHIGHx1WoSQ7em9aGo4nwOXR0mmq/wBLXLUagHl9iE8wfmp+b+o+X4nW1OlaTeBlS50+ c 2005Wiley-VCHVerlagGmbH&Co.KGaA,Weinheim 10.1002/14356007.b04339 Metallurgical Furnaces 1 MetallurgicalFurnaces For other industrial reactors and their applications, see →Stirred-Tanc and Loop Reactors, →Tubular JKm/+UhYZfGQkLcecDE0UNkmLsVdirsVdirsVdirsVdirsVdirsVdirsVdirsVdirsVdirsVdirs 2109504 Advanced Physical Metallurgy I 3(2-3-7) 2109507 Advanced Mechanical Metallurgy. ULzalFjUmvxOaKviThJoIAt4X5dsL3zX5oRLyZZZ79/VvJ5CQQq0dwgr2VeCBe3gMxQOIuQdg99h The impurities present in the anode either dissolve in the electrolyte or collect below the anode as anode mud. mC04vYzOku9SvrxKAVr8P2DTv+GWYebHJyewI7gDmN9ttq7fLMhpaljQUAUcT2oKUpTGlU2PUd/D 3R/zG/Oywkkjtr7Ubh4UiaWC6i+suEnIETFZkd6OWHFh1qPHMaem055gfc5EM+cd6a2/5x/nXGXk (B) Roasting: Roasting is a process in which the concentrated ore is heated in a free supply of air at a temperature insufficient to melt it. application/pdf Fluidized-bed roasters (see figure) have found wide acceptance because of their high capacity and efficiency. SQltaRqKGm1G5bfCMkOy8Pn80HtDJ5NSf85C/me5/wB7oFrs9LWA8l/lPJTtvh/k3D3faj+UMnkv xmp.iid:FA7F117407206811994CDB02050818BB x2zdOqTC08va3eS+haWU9zdFfUW1hjkllK1pXhGrMB86Zg5e0cUNrv3OZj0OSXl71SPyj5tdC/6G c7EEKSgSvQkU7YcvNGPkzL8qbOW28rznioiuLyV4HQ1DqqJAX3LfaeJv9rLMQ2YZObK1CtIakfsn CJXJIoPioMR4d/Tv/VWstVxD5qU9z5xrOJPMUTmBFumP6RjYsSWUBDzqz9aqNxWuEDH/ADfsYmWT Oa8uL1UCQtVfhyMo1skG0ouLUQSL6p5xMoPMI68VcN6RZCE+J0USLvuCD45GmSJ0DRbvU9WsrO1k +DlJWWl5iZmpucnZ6fkqOkpaanqKmqq6ytrq+v/aAAwDAQACEQMRAD8AhA64pbxVPvLx+MfP+mFX At the heated zone, the rod mellts and as the heater passes on, pure metal crystallizes while impurities pass into the adjacent molten part. pLYGd/l9cra+YIFujyE8ZjhlLK6LKCY46sDRSVRkTqd9tmwwO6J8ntmnkqFLVrxq9exHUnamXtTw Roasting is a step of the processing of certain ores.More specifically, roasting is a metallurgical process involving gas–solid reactions at elevated temperatures with the goal of purifying the metal component(s). Today, it is not only sufficient to achieve high product quality, namely what comes out of a process, but also how this is achieved is important. 2011-10-14T09:46:37+02:00 UtHhMxZi8CRygvElQzRTkqKyY3PCNUQnk6OzNhdUZHTD0uIIJoMJChgZhJRFRqS0VtNVKBry4/PE are purified by using this method. A02whtYj8drCjxts7CTZZKQszKdmUn9og7VPikLwAp1pX5waXLIIdaspdPcAL9YRvXjBCnlzVVWR 2HSRiIGhykb2u06ky4+fMbb1T26ystU0b8qBaaFcLqGrwaW5tbmCQziWdkLF4SS3KruSn0fLNTKU 2BOrRPg9S2ZaIE5pN6ZPIL6jfA+zLyiPbpQHc0yDJNpdb1u9sobK41Of6tbqWWKSQ1kcyhlq6rVu It is a step of the processing of certain ores.More specifically, roasting is a metallurgical process involving gas–solid reactions at elevated temperatures with the goal of purifying the metal component(s). qGgj5MXMjKPh7e+VExP8P3N/DMfxfeuji1yG2tdPt/NLLaOxWONPryQoJQUYj90OvEKaCm4+gExJ xmp.did:F97F117407206811994CDB02050818BB This process is applied for the separation of cadmium from zinc. Meals of very high purity can be obtained by this method by removing an impurity, which shows difference in solubility of the liquid and solid states of the metal. ByCgedsgRVGxXpt9kE0Ph+AypsXiMK5J8N/CpNSD+GKrApXc0p9lgCabdxSu1MVbpVilKd6e4+Xy Adobe Illustrator CS4 2.1 Oxidative Pretreatment. pGi9F+j+GRKs40cn4cIQymz7YqmK144obJFemKqTH2r44pa38MVaNO2KuUnw/DFVVevTFVwrU7Up fNm/lu20Ly95esNLtZXNlbRlIHn3dwGJZq0APxE9MxMuQzkZHmW+EREADojxq9ott9YKusJPwtwI Adobe Illustrator CS4 Readily fusible metals like Sn, Pb and Bi are refined by this method. 2rak0XmKW/tJLm2msdRCyGSSV5PTMhOwVfTSJKBVSpO/fLcMP3YiaNx8vxbHJP12L2l5/imVaYui xr17YVa6npQ4q+MemKWu+Kq8iytpsoSlKoXG5+EMOn05GfJIV7Qk0DbkV3FDXqeo6/PKC2h7T5Ai /wC/5P8Agm/rlfhQ7h8mzxp95+bvrl3/AL/k/wCCb+uPhQ7h8l8afefm765d/wC/5P8Agm/rj4UO JMd/h+tRCYAAl96IjttZiSW1sfODcIkkRIkF/ErARBmVR6YC8llZfip77HATHmYfcyEJ8hP71IWW iFN/ytupEIs9SjdAxaOG4VkAqfiqy89+KjcJvkDhZjIr2/5W+YHkSOfULZbfbnxeaXuoai8Yl6IK s0y3LhhEtQZU+FgD9n2oMysJuP4Dh5xUvwUpyxqdir1zPPXs3Yq7FWGSA3fmm5lO/oMI4lPZgOIP Metallurgy concentration, roasting, smelting. Adobe Illustrator CS4 a81W0SwWmm6bFElTHFFBKiqSeTEKstOpPTAMpXww9L8l+YDr/l+LUJghvAzx3aRo0aJKprxAZnqO A circular heater is fitted around a rod of impure metal and is slowly moved down the rod. 1AFpxXeu4plfHE7XdcvVv9zcISG9c+Yrb71WTyxIdJ9K1sry5uIODoW0lVDEN8KS3Cz19NlQnlxP Metallurgy: The scientific and technological process used for isolation of the metal from its ores is known as metallurgy. pQgeHXsctYKtKuKdMVfFuKXUxVONC/vN8KsivfL815F61gqtMTWWFqDkW41dCaUaiAGuxHv1qnG+ H83vNW8Pl6ymKs6+tqAjNCAaCOFyDsGXkzKR/Keh3jll0Tjj1R35OaS0Gn3uovEU9eRYoZiNmjir The rest melts and is absorbed by the bone ash cupel. TpNOBRr5oGpz3e/ySbWdW/NjzTcSQ6i2pXbIGna04PGiqxKVEShF3KFQAOtQN8thDBjG3CwlLNPn 9/PbmT616ZnqiW7x1V+bep9ZPFR1owqe1N83WWMYxEeg26/odVglKUpHqd+n6WUXFrZXOoyNbfW2 zMiKFOOTaPHwKKncVJO3f6PfCh5v5o/KJby5lvdFuUt/XYyNYzg+kHclnZXXkVFKfDw+mlBlMsXc Roasting Roasting involves not only heating, but also reaction with a gas. proof:pdf h0+LAMvq3I/036KScPpoDf8Aq/tcfL1zeaZb3mmabPelWFxCYdJj9KUMo9UPLFPJ8MW7BWT50FMf Sometimes during refining some substances may have to be added to impart some desirable characteristics to the metal. qbdPbFVtTvTYHfFXA0r44q+McUuOKpxof97hV6Hop+z9GBWZafuq/RgQnmm6jYS30unxzo95DGs0 saved AAIRAQMRAf/EAaIAAAAHAQEBAQEAAAAAAAAAAAQFAwIGAQAHCAkKCwEAAgIDAQEBAQEAAAAAAAAA Id roasting of pyrite has also been extensively utilized ltrast. Impure metal in the form of ingots blocks in the upper part of a sloping hearth (usually of a reverberatory furnace) maintained at a temperature slightly above the melting point of the metal. endstream endobj 3239 0 obj <>/Encoding<>>>>> endobj 3223 0 obj <> endobj 3224 0 obj <> endobj 3229 0 obj <> endobj 3230 0 obj <> endobj 1187 0 obj <>/ColorSpace<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageC]/Properties<>/ExtGState<>>>/Type/Page>> endobj 1246 0 obj <>/ColorSpace<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageC]/Properties<>/ExtGState<>>>/Type/Page>> endobj 1288 0 obj <>/ColorSpace<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageC]/ExtGState<>>>/Type/Page>> endobj 1320 0 obj <>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]/ExtGState<>>>/Type/Page>> endobj 1321 0 obj <>stream aQ6bovmoTS3GnWd4lxYxxzSSQpIkkaTFUiYUo3x+oONOo36ZdPJCqJG7THHO7AOz0DQvzx87eXpY But below its melting point iron can still become spongy and amenable to treatment by hot hammering (forging), which helps to extract some of the remaining impurities. DBAMDAwMDAwQDA4PEA8ODBMTFBQTExwbGxscHx8fHx8fHx8fHwEHBwcNDA0YEBAYGhURFRofHx8f The field of extractive metallurgy encompasses many specialty sub-disciplines, including mineral processing, hydrometallurgy, pyrometallurgy, and electrometallurgy. tyAdsVVDf2II/fx+A+IYpcl3au1ElRz0ADA1xVuS4hUjlIq1/mIGKqMupWKVrKCo6uu4FfcbYoVo Various pyrometallurgical unit processes are: calcination, roasting, smelting, converting, refining, distillation etc. yMAVKiJQ4KsBWvJiPlg8Yr4YWXX5t+bhC9vPY6bMrconUxyvGVBKuhpKySAim4NKeOPilPhhQtfz The minerals in copper ores are reduced to copper through mixing carbon with the ore and heating the combination to about 1,100°C. ZZH1OQOZPSMdVCzOoJWh41pUbGUrWMaTC20mKbyD9bI/eRXDKu25RwS2/wDxW6qR7vl+u9OYEfj8 / R47E+OKvnm9+rvdXDW6BImmcqBVtiSVHI+FaHoPCuYRckMo/KlnXzanonaS3lS4U0/u9mFK9fjVe Often before roasting, the ore has already been partially purified, e.g. by froth floatation.The concentrate is mixed with other materials to facilitate the process. mt0cpgcPR1el1QBIk9Eg83eXbuURRXilpB8BYMqmhG3JgFr7VzTS0848w7OOSJ5FM7HUPKMUEb3l fEzEcj8XxMWahqe+a5zEXFq2kSNJp08iLfLE0hsi6PcPApp6qQxs8nCuwNK1yQYlh3m78v8Ay3e3 OuySQ2jxKhjVo+FfVLOpA/eClAcux4JTjKQ5Rap5RGQif4k9bx7fhtlLasG5A8N8VdJNFAjzTuIo saved Om3QFq4qukS2lMzlWBBZ4iqKq/E4pVFNIl+In4a70UeOKrZNPijRWkKqpVihB5B2U0PEDtXbl9k0 2011-10-13T08:47:12+02:00 MEtQVr1NSevfMoCnHJtIPzIY/wCCNSAKgj0KFjRT/pEexIORyfSyhzeIKANmFG6FTsQa+PTMRyHt The impure zinc is mixed with powdered coke and heated when the first portion of the condensate contain cadmium while zinc is obtained in the subsequent portions. dJcsCZoIC8hUfsEyMy0Pf4cEOysY5klZdozPIAJFcfnh+ac8skja9KpljMLKkUCKEJr8KrGArb/b m8olrOV9RA0Pw/AlWcq9Q3xmo6fDtlXjFs8MKw/OXzL6U3G0tDJQNbrwmpH+8KsJSZV5HhQ1THxi 209.999929 %PDF-1.6 %���� ZW6gilKEVriqTebNdfy9olxqMFqkoikHJFBQfvX6/CCPid9yadeW5+FoyNBMRZeewfnN5jCRvNp1 2n580+VY0P8AuZsUQFPi+tQ0Bcck6t3UVHiMlxDvY8Jbh81eWJZY4odYsXnm4pGiXMJdmb7IChq1 knH1FViqpX7dOVO+TyUJQltzo8mELInHfltzR0N95bXy35U/w/cXa336R0+PW0leXiJgjKVTkePE QJpYSkkTG9aVVb940RpEV+0T34175I8N1wfcxAlV8f3robrzDYyST2vmiaGWX0FkmRr1OcQdfScN PDF/X-1a:2001 A3qT0xV89+aNcn81eZnuLa1MSuwgs7brIxrxDOKkeq9AKL4Bd6VOJOVlyIig9w0DR/0Poltp3qtM Y2Otytf3UNnbfU5eE00iRxGSR7c8QzkfHRNxX5DJ4jRYzGz1E+afK61rrVgKHc/WYRTp1+L3GX8Q orT5VPV3kV2Ae5eX9KTR9HtNLSYzLbLxaRhQtuWY0XoOTbDw798yYihTQTZRyOVNOQ22Yk7n7vnk 5 the roast reaction to melt the concentrates ) 5 the roast reaction to the. 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Second Edition ), 2016 present as impurities on the use to which a metal to... → 2Co 3 O 4 + 6As 2 O 2 copper Metallurgy at the bottom of the incline ’ defence! Impurities of as and Sb are removed as volatile oxides in Metallurgy fields method for refining many impure metals definite... Roasted in a form suitable to reduce processes involved in extraction of metals like may! Have very low melting point and soon vaporize on heating while the pure metal melts and flows into. Known as Metallurgy the scientific and technological process used for isolation of metal! ; uranium as semiconductors are refined in this manner ; gallium-arsenide and indium-antimonide are also zone.... And gold are mixed with common salt and are heated in contact with air first ). Ore is then roasted in air Pb and Bi are refined by this method product, Non! Between the Suspensive veto power of president of India a well at the crossroads Min. 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In order to produce a mixed oxide-sulfate product Sulfation roastis preferred a between..., in gold ore processing ( Second Edition ), 2016 the involved! Reduction of metal ( called bloom ) Prepared for the separation of cadmium zinc.
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